Units based on fundamental constants

Non-SI units whose values in SI units must be obtained experimentally

Name Symbol Quantity Value in SI units
electronvolt eV energy 1.602 176 634 × 10−19 J
dalton,
unified atomic mass unit
Da
u
mass 1.660 539 040 (20) × 10−27 kg
astronomical unit ua length 149 597 870 700  m (exact)

Natural units

(n.u.)

n.u. of speed c0 speed 299 792 458 m s-1 (exact)
n.u. of action ħ action 1.054 571 817 646 × 10−34 J s
n.u. of mass me mass 9.109 382 6 (16) × 10−31 kg
n.u. of time ħ/(mec02) time 1.288 088 667 7 (86) × 10−21 s

Atomic units

(a.u.)

a.u. of charge,
(elementary charge)
e charge 1.602 176 634 × 10−19 C
a.u. of mass,
(electron mass)
me mass 9.109 382 6 (16) × 10−31 kg
a.u. of action,
(reduced Planck constant)
ħ action 1.054 571 817 646 × 10−34 J s
a.u. of length, bohr,
(Bohr radius)
a0 length 0.529 177 210 8 (18) × 10−10 m
a.u. of energy, hartree,
(Hartree energy)
Eh energy 4.359 744 17 (75) × 10−18 J
a.u. of time ħ/Eh time 2.418 884 326 505 (16) × 10−17 s